U.D.H.R 1-15

the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a declarative document adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 217 A (III), December 10, 1948 in Paris, which contains 30 articles in their human rights considered basic .The union of this statement and the International Covenants on Human Rights and its Protocols understand what has been called the International Bill of Human Rights. While the Declaration is generally a guidance document, the Covenants are international treaties that oblige signatory states to comply.

Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal rights and dignity. Since we have reason and conscience and should always treat with respect.

Article 2: Rights which proclaims this Declaration are for everyone. Although we speak another language, even though we have different skin color, even if we think otherwise, even if we have another religion, whether we are poor as if we are rich as if we are in another country.

Article 3: Everyone has the right to live. To live freely and safely.

Article 4: No one can enslave. Slavery, in any manner whatsoever, is prohibited.

Article 5: No one can torture or treat in a cruel, inhuman or humiliating.

Article 6: All of our rights must be recognized everywhere.

Article 7: The law is equal for all. We can not be applied differently.

Article 8: If someone does not respect our rights, we can seek the protection of justice.

Article 9: No one has the right arbitrarily to stop, remain in prison or expel from the country where we live.

Article 10: If we are to judge, must be public. And those who judge us, must be completely impartial.

Article 11: If we are accused of a crime have the right to defend ourselves. You have to admit that we are innocent until you can prove that we are guilty. Nobody has the right to condemn or punish us for things we have not done.

Article 12: No one can interfere, for no reason, in our private lives, our family, our home or our correspondence.

Article 13: We have the right to enter and leave our country when we want.

Article 14: If we pursue, we have the right to go to another country and seek protection. We lose this right if we do not respect the articles of this Declaration.

Article 15: We have the right to belong to a country. If we want to belong to another country , no one can stop us arbitrarily.

U.D.H.R 16-30

 HUMAN RIGHTS IN GENERAL ARE THE MEANS TO HAVE GOOD RELATIONSHIP, DESPITE THAT ALTHOUGH NO OBLIGARIOS ARE WE HAVE BASIC PRINCIPLE FOR THE SIMPLE FACT OF BEING HUMAN. APPLICATION IS NOT REQUIRED BUT HIS POWER IS AS STRONG AS AN LAW OF THESE RIGHTS BUT NOT 30 SATISFY YOUR TODALIDAD EVERYWHERE ARE BASED ON RELATIONSHIPS.

Article 16: When we age we get married, have a right to do whatever our race, our country or our religion. Women and men have equal rights when we got married and when we parted. Nobody can force us to marry and, if we do, the government of our country has to protect our family.Article 17: Everyone has the right to have our stuff, and nobody has the right to quitárnoslas.

Article 18: We may think as we want and change of mindset. We also have freedom to choose the religion they want, to change their religion and practice it as we see fit, alone or with others.

Article 19: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. We also have the right to exchange ideas with people from other countries without borders we do not permit.

Article 20: We have the right to meet and associate with whoever we want, so peaceful. If you do not want, nobody can force us to be part of an association.

Article 21: We have the right to participate actively in the decisions of our country, directly or by choosing representatives. To choose our leaders, must be periodically manipulated elections in which not everyone can vote freely.

Article 22: Each of us has the right to obtain the satisfaction of economic, social and cultural factors that need to live with dignity.

Article 23: We have the right to work, to freely choose a job and receive a salary that allows us to live in dignity, to us and our family. All the people doing the same job are entitled without any discrimination, to equal pay. If we work, we have the right to band together to defend our interests.

Article 24: Everyone has the right to rest. Therefore, the working day must not be excessively long and periodically we have to have paid vacations.

Article 25: We and our family have a right to a standard of living that assures us food, clothing, housing and assistance in case of illness. We are also entitled to help if we can not work, either because they did not work, because we are sick, because we are old or for any other reason beyond our control.

All children have the same rights, even if their parents are not married.

Article 26: We have the right to go to school, elementary education must be compulsory and free. The school must promote coexistence and development of the capacities of each.

Parents have the right to choose the kind of education of their children.

Article 27: Everyone has the right to participate and benefit both the cultural and scientific progress in the society in which we live.

Article 28: For all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be adequately protected, there must be a social and international order make it happen.

Article 29: Everyone has duties in relation to those around us, which, moreover, need to develop fully.

Our freedom and our rights are limited only by the recognition and respect for the freedom and rights of others.

Article 30: No state, no group, no human being can use any principles of this Declaration of the rights and freedoms set out therein.

Mauricio Ariza M 7C

 

conference

CONFERENCES AND PEACE AGREEMENT

  CONFERENCE YALTA

 

The  allied leaders had held several interviews in connection with the war and to reach peace agreements. Thus, in February 1945, near the end of the war, met U.S. President Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Churchill and Soviet Premier Stalin in the Russian city of Yalta.
There, the "big three" agreed to divide Ger. nia, liquidate the Nazi-fascism and create an international body to prevent future wars. At the stander, Stalin managed concessions secret of his colleagues gas, particularly for China Roosevelt.

The Potsdam Conference.  

When the war with Germany, met Stalin, Truman Presi ¬ dent (successor to Roosevelt, who had died) and the new British Prime Minister Clement Attlee (Churchill lost the election) in the German city of Potsdam (July 1945 .) It was discussed and agreed how to overcome ¬ tally to Japan and on the restructuring of Europe.
As a result of these agreements, the conquered territories lost:

- Germany was reduced and divided into four zones of ocupaciónentre Americans, groin ¬ tries, French and Russian. The capital, Berlin was divided as ¬ among the four winners.
- Italia no win adjacent portions of its territory and all its colonies.

- Japón was stripped of all conquered during the war du ¬ and Manchuria and Korea. Some of the islands were given to the Soviet Union.

There were minor boundary changes in central and Balkan nations. The greatest beneficiary of the winners was the Soviet Union, which was recognized by the Baltic countries occupied part of Romania and eastern Poland, which in turn obtained regions of Germany.

 NUREMBERG TRIAL:

 tried to give an example to the world. The allies accused the Nazi leaders as war criminals for having caused and for the abuses committed against the Jews and the towns occupied by it. Goering, former Air Minister, Von Ribbentrop, former Foreign Minister, Rosenberg, the philosopher of Nazism, several generals and others, in total 21 people were judged by a panel of judges from the victorious countries. All those accused of collaboration with the Germans suffered various penalties. In France, leaders of the collaborationist Vichy government were punished: the Prime Minister Laval, executed, and the old Marshal Petain, the hero in the War and now considered a traitor, banished to an island in the south of France.
In Japan, other courts convicted Tojo and militarists accused of provoking the conflict. For the first time in history, the victors constitute judges of the vanquished. However, a few years all the Nazis who were in prison were released, with the exception of Rudolph Hess, the second figure of Nazism, which had fallen prisionary of the British during the war.
bibliografia
conference of novene that nos dio pedro enrique ramirez

Jose Luis Ramirez Cardona 7c

 

RESUME OF THE WW2

The Second World War was the conflict that erupted in 1939 between the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) and Allies (Britain, France and Soviet Union). The second block was reinforced by the U.S. since 1941.
The ambition of Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy) and Hirohito (Japan) for economic and political dominance of the planet, taking away their colonies and semi to the Allied powers.
In 1933, Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany and soon after began to violate the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Reactivated its military industry, reorganized its armed forces and annexed Austria. Between 1938 invaded Czechoslovakia. Meanwhile Italy invaded and conquered Albania.
On 1 September 1939 Germany invaded Poland, causing Britain and France declare war. In the months following Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, Belgium and Holland. Fell in June 1940 in Paris, France. In August the same year London was bombed mercilessly, but failed to surrender to England.
Encouraged by the progress German, Italian dictator Benito Mussolini sent troops to invade Greece and Egypt, but were defeated. This forced Hitler to send help to control the Balkans and North Africa. These forces were defeated by the Allies at the Battle of El Alamein (July 1942) and fled to Italy, where they were also defeated.
In June 1941, Hitler ordered the invasion of the Soviet Union. His forces advanced towards Moscow, but still fell back near the Russian counterattack and the arrival of winter. They were eventually crushed by the Soviets in the great Battle of Stalingrad (June 1942 - February 1943). Meanwhile the Nazis applied a policy of extermination against the Jews (Final Solution) in cruel concentration camps such as Auschwitz (Poland).
In the Pacific the Japanese carried out the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941, prompting U.S. entry to World War II. The Japanese offensive led her to conquer China, Southeast Asia and almost all Pacific islands. But after the U.S. victory in the Battle of Midway (June 1942) the Japanese began to lose positions.
In June 1944 the Allies launched a major counteroffensive to the Normandy invasion, forcing the Germans back to their country. In August Paris was liberated in February 1945 and all France was free of Germans. The Allies invaded Germany in March, but the Russians first came to Berlin (April 25, 1945). Hitler committed suicide on April 30. On May 9, 1945 German Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the surrender of his country in Berlin.

6 and August 9 the United States dropped nuclear bombs on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which accelerated the surrender of Emperor Hirohito on September 2, 1945.

Mauricio Ariza M  7C

THE COUNTER OF THE ALLIES

THE COUNTER OF THE ALLIES

Militarily  rum. The Allies, meanwhile, countered with:

- In Russia, the Germans made the mistake of past centuries that sought to dominate: forgetting the immense space and the Russian winter. Thus, in the winter of 1942 the Russians managed to repel the Germans at Stalingrad front.

- In the Egyptian front, General Montgomery in command of the English forces, managed to save the Suez Canal, defeating Rommel at the Battle of El Alamein (November 1942).

- On the same date there was an American landing, led by General Eisenhower, in Algeria, a French colony. All French colonies Africa joined the Allies and Rommel was trapped in Egypt.

- From North Africa, the Allies went to Italy. Mussolini's fascist regime collapsed and Ita lia sued for peace (September 1943), but the guys ¬ ale occupied the peninsula, engaging battle at Monte Casino. Finally, the victorious Allies were able to enter Rome (June 1944). Or Mussolini, who had been released by the Germans failed to leave Italy, was discovered and executed by communist guerrillas of resistance. His body was exposed and abused by the crowd in one of the places where he used to speak to his people.

- On "D": the Allies landed in Normandy, France. Aided by the heroic men of the French resistance, the troops headed by Eisenhower ¬ das invaded the French coast on June 6, 1944. Germany was attacked on three fronts, Russian, Italian and now the Normandy.

The furious Allied bombing devastated areas of armament factories and bases of the river ¬ German territory.

- In addition, the Soviets regained their territory and you ¬ ousted the Germans from the Balkans ions, Hungary and Poland.

- The surrender of Germany was held on May 7, 1945. Berlin had fallen under Russian troops days ago, British, American and French. Hitler and some of his closest associates committed suicide, apparently in late April. Their bodies were never found. The German high command could not get any armistice, had to surrender unconditionally, as demanded by the Allies. The war had ended in Europe.

THE ATOMIC BOMB AND THE END OF CONFLICT:

Japan continued to fight. Since 1943, the Japanese expansion was stopped in the Pacific, the Allies ¬ two, led by the U.S. MacArthur, recovered the Philippines and other islands, while the English were back to the Nipponese in Bur mania. But war seemed endless, the pretender "jumping from island to island" to the heart of Japan, and the declaration of war by the Soviet Union to Japan, did not like the other allies.

To shorten the conflict, Allied scientists have invented bian atomic bomb and the United States decided to use it, after leading an ultimatum to the Japanese government. U.S. aircraft dropped a bomb on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) and destroyed the 3/4 parts of the education’s. So immediately, as a result of the nuclear explosion, died 1/4 part of the population of the city. Three days later another was dropped on Nagasaki. On September 2, 1945, 6 years into the conflict, the delegates of the Emperor Hirohito's surrender formalized before General MacArthur and the Japanese islands was occupied

FELIPE ZAMORANO S. 7C